The Schumanns, Clara (neé Wieck, 1819–1896) and Robert (1810–1856), were partners in life and artistic endeavors. As individuals, their contributions to 19th-century German music were remarkable. Clara was admired throughout Europe by luminaries of the time, including Chopin and Liszt. Robert was a central figure of musical Romanticism, emphasizing self-expression and extra-musical associations, realized primarily through his piano and vocal works. Together they championed and mentored composers and conductors, such as Brahms and Berlioz, and held musical salons in their home. The Schumanns communicated to each other through their music and writings, including diaries and over 20,000 letters.